Relatives and Interrogatives

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In the vulgar Latin of Spain, these were swiftly reduced to three forms:

subject QUĪ

accusative QUĔM

neuter QUĬD

In Castilian these became qui, quien and que; quien survived and qui was lost due to confusion with aquí etc. Quienes is an analogical plural, created in the sixteenth century. Leonese, Aragonese, Catalan and French retain qui, where Italian goes for chi and Portuguese for quem; Castilian is the only language here to produce a plural form. However, it is possible that the genitive Latin CUIUS/CUJUS may have had a hand in the process (CUJUS - A - UM is a pre-Classical Latin adjective)

The Classical Latin dative CUI (interrogative after preposition) has survived in Italian but not in Iberia.

Cuyo used to be an interrogative pronoun in Castilian:

Cuyo es este... became ¿De quién es este...?

QUALIS > cual, cuales (cualo in popular Spanish).